I will try to simplify this conversation as much as possible. Historically, stain has penetrated wood – protecting and moisturizing for years. Often homeowners think of Stain for decks and fences and paint for everything on (or around) the exterior of the home. Stain is technically thinner than paint, so it absorbs into the wood allowing for some of the graining and natural wood look to be maintained. However, with the increase of Solid Stains hitting the market, the line between stain and paint is becoming blurrier. You can now get solid stains in any colour, and they can be applied to wood exteriors (siding, cedar shakes, etc.) very similarly to paint.
Benefits of Stain:
- Absorbs into wood – more scratch and dent resistant
- Less wood preparation needed (no priming)
- Lets moisture escape from wood a bit easier than latex paint
- Usually will not chip and peel like paint (less preparation needed to re-apply)
Benefits of Paint:
- Comes in many sheen levels
- Works on metal, stucco, and other surfaces
- Last longer than stain – due to high acrylic content
When in doubt, please speak with a paint specialist at your local paint store; they often have great answers! Happy painting (or staining)!